![]() The other, non-Hinduistic religions were now put strictly outside the Hindu fold. While in the earlier mode of reformulation of Hinduism, other Hinduistic belief systems and practices were dealt with by denying their validity, but engaging with them, the new mode was one of claiming overarching validity for a singular belief system by subsuming difference, without engaging with the other forms. The significant point of difference lies in how the two texts deal with religious difference and pluralities. It compares two core texts, Dayanand’s Satyarth Prakash (1875) and the catechism Sanatana Dharma: An Elementary Textbook of Hindu Religion and Ethics of Annie Besant and Bhagawan Das (1903). The chapter explores the turn to the twentieth century as a watershed in the formation of modern Hinduism.
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